//=========================================================================
#define PROGRAMMER "SOLUTIONS, NoFrills"
#define PROG_CODE  "soln"
#define COURSE     "ECE-1021"
#define YEAR       (2003)
#define TERM       "Fall"
#define SECTION    (0)
#define ASSIGNMENT "HW #3A"
#define REVISION   (0)
#define TITLE      "Resistor Color Code"
#define SUBTITLE   "Problem 5.4"
#define EMAIL      "wbahn@eas.uccs.edu"
#define FILENAME   "03a0soln.txt"
//=========================================================================

// PROBLEM:
//
// Write a function that prints the color codes for a resistor given the
// resistance and the tolerance.
//
// SOLUTION:
//
// As given in the auxillary information on the course website, the codes
// fall into three types - 3 band, 4 band, and 5 band - based on the
// tolerance.
//
// Tolerance = 20%  => 3 Band (Value, Value, Multiplier)
// Tolerance = 10%  => 4 Band (Value, Value, Multiplier, Silver)
// Tolerance =  5%  => 4 Band (Value, Value, Multiplier, Gold)
// Tolerance =  2%  => 5 Band (Value, Value, Value, Multiplier, Red)
// Tolerance =  1%  => 5 Band (Value, Value, Value, Multiplier, Brown)
//
// No other tolerances are valid.
//
// We know that the multiplier has to be between 0.01 and 1e9. If the
// resistance value not less than than 100 (1000 for 5-band resistors)
// then we can divide by ten and up the multiplier. If, upon reaching
// a multiplier of 1e9 the value is still not less than 100 (or 1000)
// we know the value can't be represented.
//
// On the other end, if the value is less than 10 (100 for 5-band) then
// we cam multiply by ten until it is, subject to the constraint that
// we can only do this twice. If the value at that time is less than one.
// the value can't be represented.
//
// Once we have the resistance scaled properly, we can then round the
// value to the nearest integer and use modulo ten division to pick off
// the ones, tens, and (for 5-band) the hundreds digits in turn.
//
// PSEUDOCODE
//
// 1) TASK: Get valid tolerance from user.
// 2) TASK: Get resistance value from user.
// 3) TASK: Determine the number of color bands.
// 4) TASK: Scale the resistance value properly and determine multiplier
// 5) TASK: Round the scaled resistance to the nearest integer.
// 6) TASK: Determine the digit values for the value bands.
// 7) TASK: Print out the band colors for the resistor.
//